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Colloquium: Could New Technologies Reveal a 4500-year Mystery of the Great Pyramid of Cheops in Egypt? The ScanPyramids Project

Event Details:

  • Date:           Wednesday, 25 January 2023
  • Time:          Starts: 16:00
  • Venue:        Fresnel Auditorium, The Cyprus Institute, Athalassa Campus, Aglantzia, Nicosia.
                        This is a hybrid event so you are also welcome to join us online on The Cyprus Institute YouTube channel and our our Facebook event page
  • Speaker:     Prof. Hany Helal, Faculty of Engineering, Cairo University; Holder of the UNESCO Chair on "Science and Technology for Cultural Heritage"

 

 

Abstract

Many theories and hypotheses have been proposed trying to understand how the Great Pyramid of Cheops was built. None of them has proved conclusive so far. Could New Technologies reveal the mystery of one of the Seven World Wonders? This is what the ScanPyramids project is about. The project was launched in October 2015, under the authority of the Egyptian Ministry of Tourism and Antiquities, initiated, designed and coordinated by Faculty of Engineering, Cairo University and HIP (Heritage, Innovation and Preservation) Institute, France.

It is a multinational project (Egypt, Japan, France, Germany and Canada), using the most recent non-invasive and non-destructive techniques to “look” through the Pyramids and detect unknown significant voids. Infrared thermography, Muon-Radiography, Ground Penetrating Radar, Ultrasound, Electrical Resistivity and 3D Reconstruction, Modelling and Simulation are used to complement each other.

Two main discoveries have been confirmed and published: an intriguing internal structure by the north entrance of the Pyramid and a large void above the Pyramidʼs Grand Gallery.

Speaker

hany helalHany Helal is a professor at the Faculty of Engineering, Cairo University, holder of the UNESCO Chair on ‘Science and Technology for Cultural Heritage”. He is an expert in Higher Education Reform, Science & Technology, Innovation policies and Entrepreneurship. He has a long experience in international cooperation, management and cultural activities. In 2016, he was elected as the President of Senghor University in Alexandria. He is the Secretary General of the Steering Committee of Egypt-Japan Education Partnership (EJEP). He was the chairman of the board of trustees of the French University in Egypt.

He used to be the Minister of Higher Education and State for Scientific Research. In 2005, he was appointed the Secretary General of the Education Development Fund, Egypt. He worked as the Egyptian Cultural and Scientific Counsellor in France, Belgium, Luxemburg and Switzerland. He was the National TEMPUS Coordinator (EU Higher Education Enhancement program). He acted as UNESCO Consultant / Administrative Director, International Centre for Synchrotron-Light for Experimental Sciences and Applications in the Middle East (SESAME), Jordan. He was a Program Specialist and National Professional Officer, Earth Sciences, UNESCO Regional Office for Science and Technology for Arab States.

Hany Helal graduated from mining engineering department, Faculty of Engineering Cairo University, in 1974. He got his ‘Diplôme de Docteur Ingénieur’, Earth Sciences from ‘Ecole des Mines de Nancy, Institut National Polytechnique de Lorraine’, Nancy, France, 1982. He has received several awards: “The order of the Rising Sun, Gold and Silver Star” award from His Majesty the Emperor of Japan, Nov 2022; Doctor of Philosophy, Honorus Causa, The Cyprus Institute, October 2021; JICA President Award, October 2018; EMUNI (Euro-Mediterranean University) Award, June 2017; the “Grand Cross of the Order of Merit of the Federal Republic of Germany”, 2008 and, the” Grade d'Officier dans l'Ordre des Palmes Académiques”, Ministère de l'Education National, de l'enseignement Supérieur et de la Recherche, France, 2005.

 

This event contributes to the following United Nations Sustainable Development Goals:

 Sustainable Development Goal 9  sdg17

 


 

The event will be conducted in English. Images and/or recordings of our open public events may be used by The Cyprus Institute for dissemination purposes including print and digital media such as websites, press-releases, social media, and live streaming.

 

 


 


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Additional Info

  • Date: Wednesday, 25 January 2023
  • Time: Starts: 16:00
  • Speaker: Prof. Hany Helal, Faculty of Engineering, Cairo University; Holder of the UNESCO Chair on "Science and Technology for Cultural Heritage"
  1. August 2016
  2. September 2016
For the initial monitoring of the building the SUI CyI research team installed a weather station on the roof, placed sensors inside the building and performed a thermal comfort assessment survey.

1. Climate data monitoring

Exterior
A Vantage Pro2 weather station was placed on the building roof to collect data from the SUI area. Regularly updated information about the climatic conditions could be found on the station webpage: http://www.weatherlink.com/user/suitepakcy/. The weather station base was designed and installed by the CyI technical equipment development team.

Interior
Twelve (12) HOBO data-loggers were placed in the building, for collecting temperature, humidity and light data. The data are collected every 30 minutes and will be elaborated with the HOBOware software.

2. Thermal comfort assessment questionnaire

A survey on occupant comfort satisfaction with the indoor environment in summer was conducted. The questionnaire was based on templates proposed by the HSE (http://www.hse.gov.uk/temperature/index.htm). A third of the total employees were asked and complementary measurements were made using a Heat Stress WBGT (Wet Bulb Globe Temperature) Meter, both for the indoor and the outdoor climatic conditions at the time of the survey.

Images below, from left to right:
Left: The Vantage Pro2 weather station
Middle: HOBO data logger placed in the working place – 1st floor
Right: Completed questionnaire (first page) – Ground floor.

1. Thermal imaging

Thermal images were taken using a T440 Flir thermal camera in order to find missing, damaged, or inadequate insulation, building envelope air leaks, moisture intrusion and other problems. Also, the main sources of radiant temperature were determined.

2. HOBO sensors data collection and analysis

The temperature, humidity, air movement and dew point data from the HOBO sensors were collected and analysed. The mean predicted vote (PMV) was calculated using the CBE Thermal Comfort Tool (http://comfort.cbe.berkeley.edu/EN). In all the spaces under monitoring the people are expected to be in thermal comfort, since all values are within the thermal comfort range of -0.7

Images below, from left to right:
Left: A thermal image from the mezzanine
Right: Graph. Thermal Comfort PMV

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